You can use these fields to limit the duration of validity of financial object.
The validity of a financial object is not used in any analytical question. So, it would be easy to just not fill it in. However, it is still recommend diligence in filling it in, preferably with a few days extra at the beginning and end of the actual validity of the financial object. Correctly specified validity can be used to achieve a significant performance boost in your system.
Example1: consider a report in the Analyzers that uses the specified selection criteria to select and process a set of financial objects with their underlying financial-instrument positions. If a validity entry is available for the financial object and the date in questionlies outside that validity, then even in the first selection step, before the selection is forwarded to the original data store in the Transaction Manager, the financial object can be filtered out of the selected set. On the other hand, if you neglect to maintain validity entries, the central access logic has to consult the underlying financial instrument positions instead. Then, all flows are selected and totaled up by the selector in the Transaction Manager, only then to determine that the total is zero and that the position is irrelevant. The result is the same for filled and unfilled validity. The second option, however, requires more time and capacity and thus puts load on the performance.
Example2: Selection of the Basic Data Set of Financial Objects - Credit Risk Analyzer - SAP Library